In 2011, two major instruments of European contract law were published: the 2011 Consumer Rights Directive (CRD) was enacted and the proposal for a Common European Sales Law (CESL) was launched. Both instruments aim at improving the internal market. Whereas the CRD aims at B2C contracts, the CESL may be applied, as an optional instrument, both to B2C and B2B contracts. In this book, both instruments are discussed. The book represents the most important developments in this area of European private law. Contents include: approaching the CRD from an historical and a competition law perspective * an argument that the way the CESL is drafted endangers its chances of being applied in practice * matters regarding the remedies for non-conformity under the CESL * the development of European private law, from the 1975 Consumer Policy Program to the CRD and the CESL * the relationship between private law, global governance, and the European Union * the harmonization of European matrimonial property law.