Desde las independencias hasta las revoluciones recientes, los
países árabes han vivido en un orden político poscolonial caracterizado
por el autoritarismo como forma de gobierno. En este artículo se
analiza en perspectiva histórica dicho periodo poscolonial para, a continuación,
identificar las causas que han desencadenado el cambio revolucionario
prodemocrático, iniciando un nuevo ciclo histórico poscolonial.
Igualmente, se analizan los diferentes contextos en que se ha
producido el hecho revolucionario, con resultados diversos, y cuáles
son los factores de impulso o contención que explican por qué unos
regímenes árabes han sucumbido y otros han podido eludir por el momento
el desencadenamiento de la revolución ciudadana contra ellos.

Abstract: Since the times of independence and until the revolutions that
took place recently, the Arab countries had lived under a postcolonial
political regime that was characterized by authoritarian forms of government.
This article aims at analyzing this postcolonial period in an
historical perspective in order to identify the causes that led to the prodemocratic
revolutionary changes and gave way to a new postcolonial
historical cycle. We analyze at the same time the various contexts in
which the revolutions took place, with varied results, and which factors
of encouraging or discouraging nature have been at play that explain
why some Arab governments were overthrown and others were able,
so far, to avoid the upsurge of citizens revolutions against them.