Now ratified by 73 countries from every geographical region, representing every stage of economic development and every major legal and economic system, the United Nations Convention on Contracts of the International Sales of Goods (CISG) has changed the way international sales contracts are drafted and resulting disputes settled. In the decade since the Third Edition of Professor John Honnold's classic commentary, there has been vast growth in the number of decisions from tribunals around the world which have applied the CISG, an explosion of new scholarly analyses of the Convention, and remarkable developments in the research infrastructure that permits access to those materials. These developments have raised many new issues, and have deepened our understanding of (or, in some instances, effectively resolved) old ones. The remarkable progress of this epoch-making uniform international law calls for an updated edition of Professor Honnold's treatise. This Fourth Edition retains the original's incisive article-by-article commentary, as well as its insistence on how the parties' duties and the corresponding remedies need to work together ('like scissor-blades,' to quote Professor Honnold's vivid simile) and the many concrete examples that illustrate and test the Convention's response to problems that arise in international trade. It deals definitively with the crucial aspects of sales contracts, including the following, taking fully into account the myriad variations among distinct legal systems.