Knowledge management has emerged as a new perspective on organizations. Conceiving of firms as being based on their capacity to create, distribute and make use of knowledge, Knowledge Management theory takes an alternative view of the nature of the firm. Understanding Knowledge Management presents an integrated critique of the Knowledge Management theory perspective, aiming at discussing the ontological, epistemological, and political qualities of concepts such as "knowledge" and "management". Understanding Knowledge Management consists of the four parts Overview, Analysis, Critiques and Synthesis wherein mainstream Knowledge Management theory is criticized for its inability to examine knowledge as an individual and organizational resource that transgresses the tangible and material resources of the organization. Drawing on critical and postmodern theory, Understanding Knowledge Management calls for a more elaborated view of the organizational resource called knowledge.