This text seeks to generalize the lessons across developing country and enterprise cases, and sheds light on which trade and industrial strategies and instruments work best, and which do not work, in relation to manufacturing competitiveness. INDICE Part I Introduction, Concepts and Benchmarking: 1. Ganeshan Wignaraja Introduction 2. Ganeshan Wignaraja Competitiveness Analysis and Strategy 3. Ganeshan Wignaraja and Ashley Taylor Benchmarking Competitiveness - A First Look at the MECI. Part II Supply-Side Issues and Policies for Competitiveness: 4. Stan Metcalfe Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 5. Eileen Fisher and Becky Reuber Industrial Clusters and BDS for SMEs 6. Dirk Willem te Velde Government Policies Towards Foreign Direct Investment 7. Andy Mullineux and Victor Murinde Finance for Enterprise Development. Part III Incentive Policies for Competitiveness: 8. Christos N. Pitelis Privatisation, Regulation and Domestic Competition Policy 9. Sheila Page International Trade Policies.