'Islam in Europe' and 'Islamophobia' are subjects of vital global importance which currently preoccupy policy-makers and academics alike. Examining various European Muslim groups and institutions that have branched off from Islamic movements - including the Muslim Brotherhood, Hizb ut-Tahrir and Jama'at-i Islami - this book outlines the configuration of social, political and religious processes that have given rise to new kinds of European Muslim organisations. It considers the relationship of these organisations to their 'parent' movements, their connections with transnational Islamic networks, their impact on European states, the presence of Islam in European education and higher education institutions and the connection between Islamic movements and the perceived surge of 'Islamophobia' in Europe. Featuring the work of more than 40 scholars, this is the comprehensive guide to Islam in Europe and will be essential reading for policy-makers, political commentators and academics working with Islamic groups in Europe.